salinea: (Default)
Etrangere ([personal profile] salinea) wrote2007-10-17 10:17 am

Gender of writing, Chick Lit and Fantasy

There's a whole discussion that happened last week on Ran's Board which my friends from there most probably know all about, but about which I'd be curious to have some other opinions. (BTW, I use the nickname "Stranger" in those forums).

It all started with a post about Kushner's novel Priviledge of the Sword started by Pat, who beyond his activity on that forum also manages a Fantasy blog, which I think has a pretty good reputation.

Anyway, one of the thing that caught my eye was that Pat, among other things, called Priviledge of the Sword "chick lit through and through". Other people gave good or bad opinions about that novel or Kushner's novels generally speaking. Ran, notably, denied that it was Chick Lit, whereas Calibandar called it "the girliest books I've laid my hands on in recent years".

Discussions about the "male-ness" or the "girly-ness" of specific books is something I have seen often, and which I may have sometimes made use of myself, even though I don't like it, to refer to some hard-to-define aesthetics. So I started a thread about that subject, using Pat's thread as an example, in which I asked a lot of questions to people : Chick Lit, What is it? Why isn't there any Boy's Lit?

I had two agendas with this thread : pointing out the sexism in calling some books Chick Lit in order to dismiss their quality, and questionning which specific images and idiosyncracies were associated with which gender and why. The thread saw much more discussions about the first point, both in agreement and disagreement, although some people did good effort to answer my second point as well. The discussion grew in some points somewhat heated and even wanky, but wasn't uninteresting.

A certain amount of people did agree that "Chick Lit" described a specific genre of book about female protagonists in urban, modern setting with an irreverant tone and some sexual situations, that such a genre had nothing to do with Kushner's writing. Some people also agreed that Chick Lit wasn't a good name for such a genre because it described what kind of market the genre is aimed at instead of the content of the books; and because it can cause confusion about other books, like Kushner's. Although lots of people still disagreed about that, so I'd hardly call it a consensus.

Last part of this little debate, Pat's eventually posted his final review of Priviledge of the Sword at his blog yesterday. Unsurprizingly, he was still mostly negative about it, but also persisted in calling it "Fantasy chick lit" and "one of the 'girliest' novels [he's] ever read", moreover he extrapolated this description by saying :

"There's a very "girly" approach to the narrative. It focuses on undying/forbidden love, corny romance, flowers, jewelry, gowns, fabrics, and an inordinate amount of emo moments. For crying out loud, the characters shed more tears in this book than bridesmaids at a wedding! There is only so much crying one can take, after all. In addition, the emo male characters are not authentic."

You'd think he was talking about about badfanfics ^^ I'm not entirely surprised by this reading because earlier at Ran's Board, I'd seen ErrantBard, who appeared quite sane otherwise, say about Swordspoint :

what I would say classify it as "chick-lit" in my mind is, from memory:
  • Flowers and effeminate looking men with open shirts on the cover, first
  • Prominence of homosexuality in the relationships
  • Pure love
  • Invincible yet sensible, fragile, honourable hero.
  • Insufferable whiny useless support characters you're supposed to pity rather than wish dead, for some reason
  • A plot revolving around the feelings some people have for each other.


  • A number of which terms had me raise my eyebrow in regard of Swordspoint. But hey! People read books are see different things in it. It happens.

    It makes sense that a certain lack of sensitivity about specific genres that one doesn't like mean that one blurs the distinction between those genres. Thus romance, mannerpunk, and Chich Lit elements are all confused and equally dismissed as if they were equivalent although to anyone looking into those seriously it's obvious they're very far from being the same. The fact that all these different elements are, for some reason, associated with female taste and female writing is of course what makes such confusion problematic and sexist.

    The thing that really makes me angry there is that several people as well as Pat have defended their use of the term by saying "what is so bad about works written by women that cater to what women want to read?" even though they're very obviously using the word "Chick Lit" or "girly" to dismiss and criticize a specific type of writing : "corny romance", "inordinate amount of emo moments", "the emo male characters are not authentic."
    That's not the description of a genre of writing that one doesn't like but that's still considered as legit. That's a description of bad writing, through and through. A bad writing that is typified as female.

    Now, while I'm still infuriated about the structural sexism of such use of terms, I'm also still curious about which elements are associated with specific genders and why.

    [identity profile] ariss-tenoh.livejournal.com 2007-10-17 09:10 pm (UTC)(link)
    That would be an entirely different point ;)

    True. I tend to stray when I comment which makes me sound woefully inarticulate^^

    That would be the Dick Lit mentionned by Calibandar

    Try reading some if you can stomach it. Because for all its negative points, I'm pretty sure this is how men really think, if they didn't have to censor themselves.

    Am I bisexued?

    Perhaps your brain is bisexual? That's always a plus XD
    solesakuma: (Default)

    [personal profile] solesakuma 2007-10-17 09:27 pm (UTC)(link)
    Isn't it there already? *sighs*

    And most times they even deny it's insulting and sexist! If they at least owned up to it...

    Is is any good? I haven't even played the games (I suck at those kind of games: I'm only good at strategy games... and I hate losing) but you know, I do like those kind of movies. As much as I like Steel Magnolias.

    [identity profile] redcandle17.livejournal.com 2007-10-17 10:09 pm (UTC)(link)
    What about GRRM's novels? They're both very well plotted and very well characterized.

    Yes. GRRM is the best fantasy author I've ever read. But there's less plot and more character stuff in AFfC. The Ironborn chapters are mostly about establishing what's going on among the Greyjoys and inside their heads. And as much as I love the Brienne chapters, I have to admit that not much really happens there in terms of plot. There are, of course, other reasons AFfC is signficantly less popular than the other three books, but the limited plot (the sense that nothing happens and the story isn't moved along much) is the reason I see cited most often.

    [identity profile] goodbyemyfancy.livejournal.com 2007-10-17 10:35 pm (UTC)(link)
    I teach media studies at the university level. I actually get into a breakdown of what is meant or understood by "chick lit" of "chick flicks" with my students - they get the negative gendering of the phrasing right away.

    I balance it out by talking about "Dick Lit" and "Dick Flicks", which reinforce norms of masculinity such as violence, action, independence etc.

    The students get a kick out of my playing with language ;)

    [identity profile] dianamcqueen.livejournal.com 2007-10-17 10:48 pm (UTC)(link)
    I think it's funny that guy is in denile about emo men being authentic. I know several emo men, and they are quite real...although, still unbelievable at times ;)

    I see it as, Gender roles are tradition, and they make life simple, which is why they are so hard to shake. All women have never been the same, and all men have never been the same. There seems to be some innate desire to make them that way (as apposed to wanting to be that way). We don't want to think as a society (globally) that each individual should have there own set of expectations, and that gender does not create/destroy/define you in anyway other than physically and a group of typical behaviors. Society is the entity that sees these common threads and tries to create hard barriers of them.

    All these gender assumptions do it allow one gender or the other to alienate and dominate the other. By assuming that some people of one gender suck at one thing, or accell, then all of them not only must do that, but they fall short of the standard set to them by society for not living up to their gender, even if they succeed in other areas.

    I agree with you completely. The term "Chick-Flick" has been applied to several movies my boyfriend and his friend don't want to see because it'll either a) make then think, b) make them feel, or c) make them consider a woman's point of view, whic of the 3 is the most treacherous to them.

    The flip side that most films directed at women are what this confused but convinced society thinks we all want. Thinks it's what the most of us would buy. But they are more often then not brainless, and stereotypical, and not uplifting because it's what men think women like..when really they have no idea.

    I'm totally running off at the mouth so I'm gonna stop.

    Femininity is not bad or worse than masculinity.
    This idea that female writing is weaker than male writing has been around since before Jane Austen. There's that movie "becoming Jane" wherein the male love insterest tells her she must write more like a man with more thought and less feeling, because this is skilled educated writing, unlike what women would right, because feelings=bad.

    And I'm spent. :P Awesome topic, and more people should be examining this!

    [identity profile] princessofg.livejournal.com 2007-10-17 11:44 pm (UTC)(link)
    here from cofax7's LJ.... There is a genre known as Boy's Lit or Boy's Own Stories that used to get dissed, and Tolkien was relegated to it by the literati -- breathless adventure, no romance, lots of manly bonding, guy going off with the horse not the girl.

    can't win for losing, you know?

    thanks for the linkage.

    [identity profile] carmarthen.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 12:45 am (UTC)(link)
    WIN.

    (I love Kay madly (or I did before he started writing in the modern again, bleh). That probably confirms the chicklitness.)

    [identity profile] carmarthen.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 12:47 am (UTC)(link)
    I find gender-typing of books like Kushner's that are very strongly influenced by historical literary genres really peculiar--I haven't been able to get into Swordspoint, but what I did read felt like, well, Dumas. Or some of the other 19th century authors. Did audiences back then sneer at men getting emotional between merciless fights to the death?

    [identity profile] tacithydra.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 01:49 am (UTC)(link)
    This might be something of a tangent, but I actually had a female friend who refused to read science fiction because it was "all boy books."

    She picked up Lethem's Fortress of Solitude in a bookstore with me once, looking interested in it. We were walking up to the register and she asked me if I knew of him - I made the mistake of saying he'd also written science fiction (or, to be exact, novels classified specifically within the science fiction genre).

    She put the book back.
    ext_150: (Default)

    [identity profile] kyuuketsukirui.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 03:53 am (UTC)(link)
    Not only do women read Nick Hornby, but he's also written books with female protagonists.

    Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] shadowkat67.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 04:04 am (UTC)(link)
    Very interesting post - which you can blame or applaud [livejournal.com profile] oursin for pointing me at.

    I've read actual "CHICK-LIT" or what is marketed as CHICK-LIT and the description above is not how I'd describe it making me think these people have never read it.

    The most popular and the beginning of the whole "chick-lit" trend was a little book you may have heard of entitled "Bridget Jones Diary". This become an instant hit and resulted in a movie and a sequel being made. Book publishers started hunting for similar books - since clearly there was demand for this sort of thing and they gave it a category, because it is not exactly "romance" nor is it "general fiction or contemporary" so chick-lit became the marketing/bookseller category. They need categories so they know how to market them to the public in bookstores.

    Books that followed suite were entitled "The Shopaholic" and quite a few by Jennifer Weintube or Weinzer? "Good in Bed". Most of these books were at first written by Brits - copying the whole Bridget Jones phenomena. Then Americans started writing them.

    They are basically romantic comedies and you've probably seen most of them made into made for tv movies on Lifetime in the US. Although the better ones became what the movie world likes to call "Chick flicks".

    They are humorous, poke fun at men, poke fun at women, and often star a struggling thirty-something sexually active singel woman who wants a career and a man.

    If you want a good television example of chick lit - see Sex in The City.
    That is chick lit. Not what you described above, which I would state is romance or fantasy romance. Chick Lit doesn't take itself very seriously.

    Is there a male component? Yep. Guy fic - examples include About A Boy, High Fidelty, and well most of the pulply sci-fi and noir mystery novels by people like Robert Heinlein and Raymond Chandler (or at least I think he's the one who did Philip Marlow) and oh, least we forget, James Bond by Ian S (whose last name I suddenly can't recall, I keep wanting to say Spelling).
    Guy fic - also has a sense of humor and focuses on well men being studly and having the girl fall for them. OR in the case of High Fidelty, being geeky and not getting the girl off the bat. Frank Miller did a comic version of what I'd call "guy fic" or a "guy romance novel" entitle "Sin City" - the film version was definitely a guy romance.

    Guy fic tends to have lots of violence, blood, gore, and women who have tiny waists and huge busts. It often has covers with a guy holding a gun over a boxum babe.

    Chick-Lit tends to have sex (not as much as most romance novels), tongue in cheek humor, and weird escapades. Very little to no violence.

    From the description people have given of Privilege of the Sword? I'd call this a romantic fantasy novel - in much the same vein as the Mary Stewart novels about King Arthur. It is shelved however under fantasy, because the romance is secondary to the fantasy elements not the main point of the fic.

    Men are weird about books. Most don't appear to read books, I've discovered.
    Statistically Women read more than men on average or at the very least read more fiction. Why? I have no clue. But the men who do like to read? Mostly prefer books with a lot of action, very little emotion or relationship exploration, and a high body count. This is not true of all men of course, just the vocal majority. And is a stereotype. Just as it is a stereotype that most women prefer cozy mysteries, gothic mysteries or romance. There is a long standing view amongst publishers that a woman won't read a book that does not have a romance and a sex scene or at least the idea of one. It's silly but also true. Same deal with men - the view is that men won't read a book that has romance, emotion, and relationships and need violence or action. Both are extreme views and completely wrong - since I've met men and women who read things that don't fit those descriptions. Heck, I love guy fic but then I've read pretty much every genre out there.
    ext_23477: (Witch in all of Us)

    [identity profile] dizilla.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 07:35 am (UTC)(link)
    I've been using that term a lot lately, though I don't mean it in a complete derogatory way. When I first heard the term, i thought my friends were saying chiclets which in my Latina mind translated as something light hearted and quick. Of course I eventually realize they were saying "Chick Lit." My friends were the ones that got me into "chick lit" beginning with Nanny Diaries, Devil Wears Prada, Can You Keep a Secret, Confessions of a Shopaholic (which I couldn't finish cause just reading about women OBSESSED with brand names and being broke b/c of it wasn't doing it for me), and then I went through most of Meg Cabot's "adult" books. And since I've bought books I would term as such to go against my sci-fi/fantasy epics and mini epics.

    Although the definitions you quoted are extreme, for some badly or generic written ones of the genre, it would be correct. Though really they're just modern young adult written versions of school life shoujo manga (though most not as frilly as some shoujo manga can be).

    I've read a lot of female oriented fantasy/sci-fi books and I don't think I've ever come across one that would be termed "girly" or even close to "chick lit" (though I'm sure there are ones made for it). I haven't read the book discussed, but I've flipped through it and I certainly wouldn't think of it as such. It's like calling the Tale of Genji chick lit. ¬_¬

    But yes, I don't use is as a bad thing, mostly to quickly state a type of book (urban light romance with quirky charas/situations and almost always centered around her career).

    As stated in the comments above me there are guy lit books too and I mostly don't care for them. I think in 12 years of schooling I got enough of the male coming of age stories to last me a life time. And I don't want to get started with chick flicks (in which I definitely *hate* that term as i'm probably as avid if not more of a moviegoer than bookreader) as a genre/review.

    Sucks that you're surrounded by such male chauvinism when the discussions should really be about the books and story elements and such, and not constantly needing to defend female authors.

    [identity profile] kaizokubaka.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 07:54 am (UTC)(link)
    Before reading this thread I would've been hard pressed to even consider lumping together Bishop and Kushner! (Or for that matter, Privilege of the Sword and chick lit - it felt too much like a Dumas-Tennyson hybrid, whatever that may be.)

    Oh, and your comment = WIN.

    [identity profile] sam-t.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 10:09 am (UTC)(link)
    (Here via [livejournal.com profile] whileaway)

    I'm not sure it would be that easy to pin down whether early novels were written 'for men' or 'for women': both men and women sobbed over Richardson* or thought it was all a bit silly, according to taste. Sterne's novels were very popular among women; both Henry Fielding and Eliza Haywood wrote parodies of Pamela. I'm not sure offhand who read Defoe - he was (iirc) aiming at a less refined market in any case - but I'd be surprised if he was read exclusively by either sex.

    *I read an article recently which quoted an anonymous letter written to Richardson protesting at his announcement that Clarissa would die at the end of the novel: "I should read the account of [Clarissa's] death with as much Anguish of Mind, as I should feel at the Loss of my dearest Friend. I know a great many Gentlemen that are of my Mind [and fewer of them will buy your book if they know they're going to spend weeks crying over it]." (Rough paraphrase mine)

    [identity profile] hippoiathanatoi.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 11:02 am (UTC)(link)
    Jesus, that explains why I like TPotS! All is made clear!

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] nineveh-uk.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 12:10 pm (UTC)(link)
    For a genre read by men that is often disparaged, there's always Westerns, written by authors with psuedonyms such as Jake Lonestar (I'm pretty sure I didn't make that one up). WEstern novels are very different from the average contemporary Western film. The latter are often possessed of a degree of artistic merit. The former are universally not.

    They are, however, massively borrowed from public libraries, formulaic, full of flowery description, with pictures of rugged open-shirted men on the cover, have massively angsting heroes not showing their pain, and are often homoerotic. They are also en mass the worst-written genre I have ever come across. The average Mills and Boon is Joycean in the sophistication of its prose compared to the average cowboy novel.

    /via [livejournal.com profile] oursin

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] shadowkat67.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 01:11 pm (UTC)(link)
    LOL! The Western genre is actually no different than any genre, it has its "pulp" and its literary greats. Which is which? Has a lot to do with the reader.

    Larry McMurty, Louis L'Amour, and to a degree Zane Grey are examples of Western writers who do not fit the description above. (Yes, I've read quite a few Westerns in my life time.) L'Amour did write a few that I would describe as a little romantic though and more than a little pulpy. Most of L'Amour's books were made into American films, some great and some B-Westerns. Such as Hondo - which believe it or not was made in 3D.

    McMurty raised the cowboy novel to literature with Horseman, Pass By (popularly known as Hud) and Lonesome Dove - which did have a Dicksenian quality.

    Oh, and the Western Romance novel is a subgenre of romances. Rosemary Rodgers wrote a few, as have others in the romance field. Same with fantasy and sci-fi - they too have a romance novels - in which the main point of the story is the romantic relationship. By the way, women aren't the only people who read and write romance novels. Men do too. And aren't the only people who do sentiment.

    Let's look at the NY Times Bestseller lists for a moment: Nicholas Sparks, James Patterson (Letter to Susan - I think was the title), Bridges of Madison County, The Horse Whisperer, and of course Mitch Ablom. All have written books dripping with sentiment.

    Go back to McMurty - how about "Terms of Enderment"? Which was written by Larry McMurty and a modern Western? Or The Last Picture Show - also McMurty? Or Brokeback Mountain - McMurty again.

    And in science fiction/fantasy? I barely made it through a book by SM Stirling that was dripping with sentiment, also a lot of violence, and had me rolling my eyes.

    [identity profile] koyotesdaughter.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 01:24 pm (UTC)(link)
    I broke down and joined in the discussion over at Pat's, and I'm sure I'll regret it.

    Sadder and more offensive than the original review is the number of responders who are instinctively brushing this argument off as a bunch of hard-line (female) feminists overreacting to a non-issue. Never mind that half of those objecting to Pat's wording are male, and that one of the first to complain in his comments (Andrew Wheeler) was actually objecting as a member of the publishing industry and not as a matter of gender mis-stereotyping at all.

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] nineveh-uk.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 01:39 pm (UTC)(link)
    Which is which? Has a lot to do with the reader.

    I wouldn't deny there're good Westerns out there (there's a particular reason I've only read the crap ones!), but I do think that it is a valid example of a genre that people who don't read it tend to (a) dismiss and (b) know very little about and care less. Like science-fiction and fantasy, Westerns (the crap sort) are also found in their own library ghetto (which, interestingly, Chick Lit is not, although "romance" is).

    "Western" is an available concept for someone who wants to be derogatory, and that person is unlikely to phrase her sentence "It reads like a Western, an exciting work of art that raises challenging questions about masculinity, cultural history, and our relationship with the natural environment". They'll say, "It reads like a Western [implied: full of men called Jake, cliched cattle drives, storms, possibly an unconvincing romance with a pink-lipped girl, and read by elderly men and geeks called Graham]." So saying a book is Chick Lit is not essentially derogatory, with Marian Keyes' "Rachel's Holiday" having at least as much to say as Nick Hornby about adults having to come to terms with adulthood, but the implication of "pink cover, handbags, diets, lipstick, ending up with A Man, and fundamentally only of interest to women" usually is intended as such. A fantasy book may not have the handbags and lipstick, but I think that Chick Lit is still there as a negative comparison reading "all about womenz things, and icky romance, and not Manly, and so of interest only to women, and therefore rubbish by default even if not in fact".

    I know that men write sentiment, good and bad, all the time. I have the complete works of J M Barrie on my bookshelf. But I don't dismiss sentimental books as inherently a bad thing. I suspect that people who do both have a narrow range of what they term sentimental (into which crying at a football match does not fall) and an intended target to their scorn that this definition fits.
    feuervogel: (reading)

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [personal profile] feuervogel 2007-10-18 01:40 pm (UTC)(link)
    Annie Proulx wrote Brokeback Mountain, I thought.

    Which SM Stirling? The only book of his I've read and liked was the Peshawar Lancers. Conquistador was very blah, and I hated Dies the Fire. (Sadly, because I love post-apocalyptic stories.) I don't know if it was dripping with sentiment, but it was very "woo, manly man saves the day with his leet ex-Marine skillz." I wanted to kick it.

    Kind of like Lucifer's Hammer by Niven/Pourelle. Great idea, good execution - compelling as hell - but the "nuclear power FTW!" and "nerdy science guy saves the day" combined with poorly-characterized females (2-dimensional, the lot of them) gave me mixed feelings on it.

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] shadowkat67.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 03:02 pm (UTC)(link)
    You'll find no disagreements here.

    There's good sentimental books and bad ones. JM Barrie is actually good. Nicholas Sparks...sigh, I'm sorry, but I'm not a fan.

    You are correct - I've read all the genres and every single one has been disparaged at one time or another. The genres that get kicked the most are Romance, Western, Sci-Fi, and Fantasy. Mystery is the most accepted of the bunch. Chick-Lit, considered by many a sub-genre of romance, gets kicked as well. Horror also doesn't get disparaged nearly as much as the genres it is to a degree a sub of.

    And we all have our least favorites. Mine are the Oprah books - dysfunctional family stories written mainly by Jodi Piccoult. Also have a negative knee-jerk reflex attitude towards Nicholas Sparks, James Patterson, Dan Brown, Danielle Steele, and Mitch Ablome - who I consider paint by numbers writers. But clearly I'm in the minority since all of the above sell like hotcakes. ;-)

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] shadowkat67.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 03:07 pm (UTC)(link)
    Yes, you're right - Annie wrote the book or rather the novela/short story - its not long enough to be a novel. McMurty wrote the screenplay - or rather co-wrote it. The screenplay isn't nearly as good as the short story and far more sentimental - I liked Brokeback Mountain by the way.

    Oh, it was "Dies the Fire" - which I couldn't finish. Had the exact same reaction to it that you did and it more or less kept me from reading anything else by that writer. I ended up giving the book away at a Book Swap. It was very "good earth mother" and "manly man with ex-marine skills struggling with showing his emotions". Annoyed the heck out of me. LOL!
    feuervogel: photo of the statue of Victory and her chariot on the Brandenburg Gate (Default)

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [personal profile] feuervogel 2007-10-18 03:31 pm (UTC)(link)
    I stuck it through on DtF. I kept hoping it would get better, then I was really glad I'd borrowed it from the library rather than purchased it. The earth mother thing got on my nerves, too. But I spent a truly miserable year in Corvallis, so seeing downtown get burned was schadenfreudelicious. Though McMenamins had some pretty good food & beer, and would be missed.

    Re: Odd definition of Chick-Lit

    [identity profile] shadowkat67.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 07:20 pm (UTC)(link)
    LOL! I can understand that. If I found a book where Kansas City got burned to the ground, I'd pretty much have the same reaction.

    And I got suckered into DtF for more or less the same reasons you did - I'm a sucker for disaster scenario fic. But I think Asimov and Larry Niven did it better with that novel (which I forget the name of) about a planet that always has sunlight being plunged into complete darkness. It had the science component that DtF was sorely lacking. DtF read a bit like a Medival scholar's fantasy of what life would be like if we were thrust back into Medivel times or the Dark Ages.

    [identity profile] ithiliana.livejournal.com 2007-10-18 10:04 pm (UTC)(link)
    *thinking of james bond and bad noir and all the corny masculinist stuff that's lurking around street corners on a foggy night in a trenchcoat leads me to coin the term "dick-lit"!*

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